The synthesis and cycling behavior of LiErxMn2-x,O4 for lithium-ion batteries

Erbium-doped spinels LiMn2-xErxO4 (0less than or equal toxless than or equal to0.02) have been synthesized by rheological phase reaction method. The structures of prepared products have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD data showed that the spinels have been obtained as single-phase compounds. The lattice parameters of the Er-doped spinel were smaller than that of the undoped compound. The structure stability of spinel is related to ionic oxidation number and bond energy of ions in octahedral sites. The constant current charge-discharge of the samples has been examined and showed that Er-doped spinels displayed a better reversibility and cyclability. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.