Journal
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
Volume 38, Issue 8, Pages 805-812Publisher
CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0503
Keywords
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; physical activity; cardiorespiratory fitness; exercise training; children; adolescents
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Currently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent liver abnormality observed in obese children and adolescents. A strong body of evidence suggests that increased liver fat is significantly associated with visceral adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. Diet and exercise are generally recommended to treat obese youth with NAFLD as they do not carry side effects and confer multiple cardiometabolic benefits. Studies in adult populations report a beneficial effect of regular physical activity on reducing liver fat. In children and adolescents, available data show that weight loss induced by increasing physical activity and calorie restriction is beneficial to reduce liver fat and associated health risk factors such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Currently, evidence regarding the independent effects of regular exercise alone (e. g., without calorie restriction) on NAFLD are unclear. Additionally, there is no data regarding the optimal exercise regimen (e. g., type, dose, intensity) that should be prescribed for reducing NAFLD in children and adolescents. The purpose of this review is to examine the role of physical activity on NAFLD in children and adolescents.
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