Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 97, Issue 3, Pages 821-826Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01403.2003
Keywords
aerosol deposition; inhalation toxicity; inhaled particles
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Interchild variability in breathing patterns may contribute to variability in fine particle lung deposition and morbidity in children associated with those particles. Fractional deposition (DF) of fine particles (2-mum monodisperse, carnauba wax particles) was measured in healthy children, age 6-13 yr (n = 36), while they followed a resting breathing pattern previously determined by respiratory inductance plethysmography. Interchild variation in DF, measured by photometry at the mouth, was most strongly predicted by their tidal volume (V-T) (r = 0.79, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis further showed that, for any given height and age, V-T increased with increasing body mass index (BMI) ( P < 0.001). The overweight children (greater than or equal to95th percentile BMI) (n = 8) had twice the DF of those in the lowest BMI quartile (<25th percentile) (n = 9; 0.28 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.15 +/- 0.06, respectively; P < 0.02). In the same groups, resting minute ventilation was also significantly higher in the overweight children (8.5 +/- 2.2 vs. 5.9 +/- 1.1 l/ min; P < 0.01). Consequently, the rate of deposition (i.e., particles depositing/time) in the overweight children was 2.8 times that of the leanest children (P < 0.02). Among all children, the rate of deposition was significantly correlated with BMI (r = 0.46, P = 0.004). These results suggest that increased weight in children may be associated with increased risk from inhalation of pollutant particles in ambient air.
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