Journal
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 104, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.4883000
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Funding
- State Key Program for Basic Research of China [2007CB613206]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [10725418, 10734090, 10990104, 60976092]
- Shanghai Science and Technology Foundation [09DJ1400203, 09ZR1436100, 10JC1416100, 10510704700]
- China Scholarship Council (CSC) [201304910294]
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With asymmetric split ring metamaterial periodically placed on top of the niobium nitride (NbN) nanowire meander, we theoretically propose a kind of metal-insulator-metallic metamaterial nanocavity to enhance absorbing efficiency and shorten response time of the superconducting NbN nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) operating at wavelength of 1550 nm. Up to 99.6% of the energy is absorbed and 96.5% dissipated in the nanowire. Meanwhile, taking advantage of this high efficiency absorbing cavity, we implement a more sparse arrangement of the NbN nanowire of the filling factor 0.2, which significantly lessens the nanowire and crucially boosts the response time to be only 40% of reset time in previous evenly spaced meander design. Together with trapped mode resonance, a standing wave oscillation mechanism is presented to explain the high efficiency and broad bandwidth properties. To further demonstrate the advantages of the nanocavity, a four-pixel SNSPD on 10 mu m x 10 mu m area is designed to further reduce 75% reset time while maintaining 70% absorbing efficiency. Utilizing the asymmetric split ring metamaterial, we show a higher efficiency and more rapid response SNSPD configuration to contribute to the development of single photon detectors. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
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