Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 279, Issue 36, Pages 37324-37333Publisher
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M405233200
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We recently reported a new metabolic competency for Escherichia coli, the ability to degrade and utilize fatty acids of various chain lengths as sole carbon and energy sources (Campbell, J. W., Morgan- Kiss, R. M., and Cronan J. E. ( 2003) Mol. Microbiol. 47, 793 - 805). This beta-oxidation pathway is distinct from the previously described aerobic fatty acid degradation pathway and requires enzymes encoded by two operons, yfcYX and ydiQRSTD. The yfcYX operon ( renamed fadIJ) encodes enzymes required for hydration, oxidation, and thiolytic cleavage of the acyl chain. The ydiQRSTD operon encodes a putative acyl-CoA synthetase, ydiD ( renamed fadK), as well as putative electron transport chain components. We report that FadK is as an acyl-CoA synthetase that has a preference for short chain length fatty acid substrates (< 10 C atoms). The enzymatic mechanism of FadK is similar to other acyl-CoA synthetases in that it forms an acyl-AMP intermediate prior to the formation of the final acyl-CoA product. Expression of FadK is repressed during aerobic growth and is maximally expressed under anaerobic conditions in the presence of the terminal electron acceptor, fumarate.
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