Journal
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 104, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.4866030
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001805]
- UCSD
- U.S. D.O.E. [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
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Coherent x-ray diffraction imaging is used to map the local three dimensional strain inhomogeneity and electron density distribution of two individual LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4-delta cathode nanoparticles in both ex-situ and in-situ environments. Our reconstructed images revealed a maximum strain of 0.4%. We observed different variations in strain inhomogeneity due to multiple competing effects. The compressive/tensile component of the strain is connected to the local lithium content and, on the surface, interpreted in terms of a local Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn3+. Finally, the measured strain distributions are discussed in terms of their impact on competing theoretical models of the lithiation process. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
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