Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 5-6, Pages 236-242Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2004.00077.x
Keywords
chemokine; chemotaxis; encephalitis; neuroimmunology
Categories
Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR00164] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAAA NIH HHS [AA13828] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH61192] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS30769] Funding Source: Medline
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It has never been determined if activation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during simian immunodeficiency virus/human immunodeficiency virus (SIV/HIV) infection is a function of high levels of circulating virus or if the virus has to be within a cell capable of crossing the BBB to activate it. In vitro models of the BBB are becoming recognized as an acceptable method for determining the cellular events associated with HIV neuroinvasion. Cell free virus (when added in the physiologically relevant lumen) although capable of activating the endothelial cells of our in vitro BBB did not activate astrocytes beneath. SIVmac251-infected CEMx174 cells, however, were capable of activating both components of the BBB model. Here we demonstrate that an in vitro model of the BBB can be activated in a physiologically relevant manner, that SIV requires to be cell-associated and that endothelial cells of the BBB are not the only components that are activated during SIV neuroinvasion.
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