Journal
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
Volume 177, Issue 3-4, Pages 337-352Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.02.010
Keywords
Lotka-Volterra; mutualism; parasitism; mycorrhizae
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We consider interactions between a symbiont and its host in the framework of the familiar Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model, modified to allow the symbiont to benefit the host. The model includes both benefits and costs to the interaction and spans the mutualism-parasitism continuum. We use this model to explore the shift from mutualism to parasitism in plant-mycorrhizae interactions across gradients of soil fertility. We demonstrate two mechanisms by which increased soil fertility may cause interactions to change from mutualistic to parasitic: as relative benefits to the plant decrease with increasing soil fertility, the interaction between the fungus and its host turns parasitic; with two fungal species-one a mutualist and the other a cheater-increasing soil fertility can favor the cheater if mutualists have faster growth rates than cheaters. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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