Journal
MEAT SCIENCE
Volume 68, Issue 2, Pages 193-200Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.02.017
Keywords
fermented sausage; starter culture; Staphylococcus xylosus; Staphylococcus carnosus; flavour; leucine; nitrite; nitrate; ascorbate
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Resting cells of Staphylococcus xylosus and S. carnosus were incubated with ascorbate, nitrate and nitrite in defined reaction medium and their degradation of H-3-labelled leucine into methyl-branched catabolites were studied using HPLC/radiometric detection. The experiments were carried out with and without addition of alpha-ketoglutarate. The main catabolic product of leucine degradation was 3-methylbutanoic acid but also small amounts of alpha-hydroxy isocaproic acid were produced. Nitrite addition lowered the concentration of 3-methylbutanoic acid for both Staphylococcus species and this effect was strongly amplified by ascorbate for S. xylosus but not for S. carnosus. For both species ascorbate alone had little if any effect. Also nitrate lowered the concentration of 3-methylbutanoic acid for S. xylosus. The concentration of alpha-hydroxy isocaproic acid was, however, increased by addition of nitrite and nitrate for S. xylosus. Addition of alpha-ketoglutarate generally increased the concentration of 3-methylbutanoic acid for both S. xylosus and S. carnosus (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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