Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 61, Issue 19-20, Pages 2446-2460Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-004-4113-0
Keywords
endoplasmic reticulum (ER); MHC class I; tapasin; TAP; ERp57; ERAP1/ERAAP; proteasome; antigen-processing machinery (APM)
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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules present antigenic peptides to CD8(+) T cells, providing the basis for immune recognition of pathogen-infected cells. Peptides generated mainly by proteasomes in the cytosol are transported into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum by transporters associated with antigen processing ( TAP). The maturation of MHC class I molecules is controlled by a number of accessory proteins and chaperones that are to a varying degree dedicated to the assembly of MHC class I. Several newly characterised proteins have been demonstrated to play important roles in this process. This review focuses on the functional relationship and evolutionary history of the antigen-processing machinery (APM) components and MHC class I itself. These are of great interest for further elucidating the origin of the immune system and understanding the mechanisms of antigen presentation and immunology in general.
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