Journal
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 12, Issue 20, Pages 5465-5483Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.07.029
Keywords
azoles; bifonazole analogues; antifungals; antimycobacterials
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During the course of our studies in the azole antifungals area, we synthesized a number of 1,5-disubstituted 4-[1H-imidazol-1-yl(phenyl)methyl]-1H-pyrazoles, analogues of bifonazole. 1,5-Diphenyl-1H-pyrazole 3 showed weak antimycotic and antibacterial activities in vitro against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Staphylococcus aureus. In order to increase these properties., given that the halo substitution was found to be capable of enhancing antifungal effects, we prepared a series of fluoro and chloro derivatives of 3. The microbiological evaluation carried out on newly synthesized compounds included in vitro assays for antifungal, antibacterial and antimycobacterial activities. Among the tested compounds, some dichloro and trichloroderivatives showed interesting antimicrobial properties. In particular, compounds 10j,k,l produced inhibitory effects against pathogen representatives of yeast (C. albicans, C. neoformans) and Gram positive bacteria (S. aureus) similar or superior to those of bifonazole. In addition, their activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was superior to that of clotrimazole and econazole, which were used as reference drugs. The replacement, in these compounds, of chlorine with fluorine atoms led to inactive derivatives. Docking studies were carried out on the most active compounds, in order to rationalize the pharmacological results. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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