Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
Volume 58, Issue 3, Pages 471-476Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2004.05.006
Keywords
chitosan microspheres; Bordetella bronchiseptica dermonecrotoxin; vaccine delivery; nasal vaccination; macrophage; tumor necrosis factor alpha; interferon gamma; nitric oxide
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Chitosan microspheres (CMs) were prepared by an ionic gelation process with tripolyphosphate and characterized. Bordetella Bronchiseptica Dermonecrotoxin (BBD), a major virulence factor of a causative agent of atrophic rhinitis (AR), was loaded on to the CMs for nasal vaccination. BBD-loaded CMs were observed as aggregated shapes although unloaded CMs were observed as relatively spherical ones. The average particle size of the BBD-loaded CMs was 4.39 mum. The lower the molecular weight of chitosan and the higher the medium pH, the greater was the release of BBD from the BBD-loaded CMs in vitro due to weaker intermolecular interaction between chitosan and BBD. Tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide from RAW264.7 cells exposed to BBD-loaded CMs were gradually secreted with time, suggesting that released BBD from CMs had immune stimulating activity of AR vaccine in vitro. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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