Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 80, Issue 5, Pages 1291-1298Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1291
Keywords
vitamin A; total-body vitamin A stores; liver vitamin A; deuterated retinol dilution; stable-isotope dilution; retinol; carotenoids; beta-carotene; vitamin A-fortified sugar; nicaraguan children
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Background: Nicaragua initiated a national program of vitamin A fortification of its domestic sugar supply starting with the 1999-2000 sugarcane harvest. Objective: This study was conducted to document any change in the vitamin A status of a cohort of children during the first year of the program. Design: The vitamin A status of 21 Nicaraguan schoolchildren (mean age: 6.7 y; range: 5.3-9.3 y) was assessed in March 2000 and in March 2001. Total-body vitamin A stores and liver vitamin A concentrations were estimated with the deuterated-retinol-dilution (DRD) technique at a dose of 5 mg [H-2(4)] retinyl acetate at baseline and 5 mg [H-2(4)]retinyl acetate during the repeat test 1 y later. Plasma retinol and carotenoids were measured by HPLC. Results: Median total-body vitamin A stores increased from 0.33 to 0.72 mmol (P = 0.0001), liver vitamin A concentrations from 0.52 to 0.78 mumol/g (P = 0.0003), and plasma retinol concentrations increased from 0.97 to 1.17 mumol/L (P = 0.01). Conclusion: The vitamin A status of Nicaraguan schoolchildren improved during the year after the initial distribution of vitamin A-fortified sugar in Nicaragua.
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