Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
Volume 43, Issue 11, Pages 1430-1440Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000140452.51205.8d
Keywords
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; functional magnetic resonance imaging; response inhibition; Go/NoGo
Categories
Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [HD31715, HD40761] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH01142, MH19908, MH50047] Funding Source: Medline
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Objective: Response inhibition deficits are characteristic of individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies investigating the neural correlates of this dysfunction have used block designs, making it difficult to disentangle activation differences specifically related to response inhibition from activation differences related to subprocesses involved in task performance. The current study was designed to further enhance our understanding of this critical function in individuals with ADHD using event-related fMRI. Method: Ten adolescent boys diagnosed with ADHD, combined type, and 12 typically developing controls completed a Go/NoGo task modified to control for novelty processing. Results: The ADHD group made significantly more errors of omission and more errors of commission than the control group. Further, compared with controls, individuals with ADHD showed marked abnormalities in brain activation during response inhibition, including hypoactivation of the anterior/mid-cingulate cortex extending to the supplementary motor area and hyperactivation of the left temporal gyrus. Conclusions: The authors suggest that underactivation in frontal regions reflects core deficits in response/task-switching abilities for the ADHD group.
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