Journal
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 167, Issue 4, Pages 649-659Publisher
ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200406001
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM50526, R01 GM050526] Funding Source: Medline
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Ubiquitin is a small polypeptide that is conjugated to proteins and commonly serves as a degradation signal. The attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) to a substrate proceeds through a multi-enzyme cascade involving an activating enzyme a conjugating enzyme (E1) and a protein ligase We previously demonstrated that a murine E2, UbcM2, is imported into nuclei by the transport receptor importin-11. We now show that the import mechanism for l and two other human class III E2s (UbcH6 and UBE2E2) uniquely requires the covalent attachment of Ub to the active site cysteine of these enzymes. This coupling of E2 activation and transport arises from the selective Interaction of importin-11 with the Ub-loaded forms of these enzymes. Together, these findings reveal that Ub charging can function as a nuclear import trigger, and identify a novel link between E2 regulation and karyopherin-mediated transport.
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