Journal
TETRAHEDRON
Volume 60, Issue 49, Pages 11099-11107Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.08.056
Keywords
fluorescence sensor; copper; photoinduced charge transfer; ligand design; donor-acceptor fluorophores
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The fluorescence emission energy of donor-acceptor substituted biphenyls is highly sensitive towards conformational changes of the interannular twist angle. By integrating 4-dimethylamino-4'-cyano-biphenyl into the ligand backbone of a thioether-rich metal receptor we designed a fluorescence sensor that exhibits high selectivity towards copper. Upon metal binding the ligand undergoes a significant conformational change, which induces a strong hypsochromic shift of the photoinduced charge-transfer emission. Steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy revealed a high affinity towards Cu(I) with a well-defined 1:1 metal-ligand complex stoichiometry. The nature of the conformational changes upon Cu(I) coordination were analyzed in detail by H-1 NMR and 2D NOESY experiments. The spectroscopic data provide a coherent picture, which is consistent with a Boltzmann ground-state distribution of several rotamers, that are locked into a more flattened geometry upon coordination of Cu(I). (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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