Journal
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 96, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.3319503
Keywords
crystal microstructure; crystallography; martensitic structure; shape memory effects; solid-state phase transformations
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The unusual properties of many multifunctional materials originate from a structural phase transformation and consequent martensitic microstructure. Phase-field models are typically used to predict the formation of microstructural patterns and subsequent evolution under applied loads. However, formulating a phase-field energy with the correct equilibrium crystal structures and that also respects the crystallographic symmetry is a formidable task in complex materials. This paper presents a simple method to construct such energy density functions for phase-field modeling. The method can handle complex equilibrium structures and crystallographic symmetry with ease. We demonstrate it on a shape memory alloy with 12 monoclinic variants.
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