Journal
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 95, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.3273864
Keywords
carbon fibres; electrodes; metal foams; nanofibres; porous materials; supercapacitors
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Funding
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-11-001-12]
- National Science Foundation
- National Defense Science and Engineering
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
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We develop supercapacitor (SC) devices with large per-area capacitances by utilizing three-dimensional (3D) porous substrates. Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) functioning as active SC electrodes are grown on 3D nickel foam. The 3D porous substrates facilitate a mass loading of active electrodes and per-area capacitance as large as 60 mg/cm(2) and 1.2 F/cm(2), respectively. We optimize SC performance by developing an annealing-free CNF growth process that minimizes undesirable nickel carbide formation. Superior per-area capacitances described here suggest that 3D porous substrates are useful in various energy storage devices in which per-area performance is critical.
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