Journal
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 94, Issue 25, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.3159824
Keywords
doping; hole density; molybdenum compounds; segregation; thin films; work function
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Funding
- German Federal Ministry for Education and Research [FKZ 13N8166A]
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We report on the p-type doping efficiency of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) in the ambipolar organic charge transport material 4,4(')-Bis(carbazol-9-yl)-biphenyl (CBP). Kelvin probe analysis is used to study the work function with increasing thickness of doped CBP layers with varied MoO3 concentration deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO). Based on the model of a one-sided abrupt (n(+)p) junction between ITO and the MoO3 doped CBP layer, the density of free holes has been determined. A surprisingly low p-type doping efficiency of less than 2% has been derived. Segregation and clustering of the MoO3 dopant could explain these results.
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