Journal
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
Volume 94, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.3100618
Keywords
entropy; gadolinium; graphite; nanofabrication; nanostructured materials; paramagnetism; solid-state phase transformations; superparamagnetism
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [50331030, 50831006]
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Gd nanocapsules, which are stable in air with the protection of graphite shells, are prepared by a modified arc-discharge technique. A size-induced structural transformation from the hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) to the higher-symmetry face-centered-cubic structure is observed. The graphite-coated hcp-Gd nanocapsules display a blocked state below 35 K, superparamagnetism between 35 and 290 K, and typical paramagnetism above 290 K. The hcp-Gd nanocapsules have a magnetic-entropy change -Delta S(m) of 48.8 J kg(-1) K(-1) at 6 K for an applied-field change from 1 to 7 T.
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