Mitochondrial DNA structure and organization of the control region of South American camelids

This work presents the mitochondrial DNA molecular organization of the control region (CR) of South American camelids. Sequencing of five individuals each of guanaco, llama, alpaca and vicuna species showed that this region spans 1060 bp including three conserved sequence blocks (CSB I-III) adjacent to the tRNAPhe gene, a conserved central domain and one extended termination-associated sequence in the 3'domain of the CR close to the tRNAPro gene. A repeated array formed by three units of 26 bp was detected between CSB I and II. Alignment of the CR sequences from the four species shows a 337-bp segment that includes most of the nucleotide variability with 10 polymorphic sites. We suggest the use of this segment as a molecular marker to infer data on camelid genetic relationships and population diversity studies.