Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 12, Issue 12, Pages 562-568Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2004.10.008
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [2T32 HL 007749-11, R01 HL 65912] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI 59201] Funding Source: Medline
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Perturbations in the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota composition that occur as a result of antibiotics and diet in 'westernized' countries are strongly associated with allergies and asthma ('hygiene hypothesis'). The microbiota ('microflora') plays a crucial role in the development of mucosal tolerance, including the airways. Significant attention has been focused on the role of the microbiota in GI development, immune adaptation and initiation of GI inflammatory diseases. This review covers the post-develop mental functions that the microbiota plays in regulating immunological tolerance to allergen exposure outside the GI tract and proposes the question: is the microbiota a major regulator of the immune system?.
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