Journal
REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Volume 74, Issue 4, Pages 525-556Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.3102/00346543074004525
Keywords
EM algorithm; maximum likelihood estimation; missing data; multiple imputation; NORM
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Missing data analyses have received considerable recent attention in the methodological literature, and two modern methods, multiple imputation and maximum likelihood estimation, are recommended., The goals of this article are to (a) provide an overview of missing-data theory, maximum likelihood estimation, and multiple imputation; (b) conduct a methodological review of missing-data reporting practices in 23 applied research journals;,and (c) provide a demonstration of multiple imputation and maximum likelihood estimation using the Longitudinal Study of American Youth data. The results indicated that explicit discussions of missing data increased substantially between 1999 and 2003, but the use of maximum likelihood estimation or multiple imputation was rare; the studies belied almost exclusively on listwise and pairwise deletion.
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