Journal
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
Volume 126, Issue 1-2, Pages 15-35Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.09.008
Keywords
Giardia; taxonomy; molecular epidemiology; zoonoses; transmission; waterborne
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The taxonomy and molecular epidemiology of Giardia and Giardia infections are reviewed in the context of zoonotic and waterborne transmission. Evidence to support the zoonotic transmission of Giardia is very strong, but how frequent such transmission occurs and under what circumstances, have yet to be determined. Zoonotic origin for waterborne outbreaks of Giardia infection appears to be uncommon. Similarly, livestock are unlikely to be an important source of infection in humans. The greatest risk of zoonotic transmission appears to be from companion animals such as dogs and cats, although further studies are required in different endemic foci in order to determine the frequency of such transmission. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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