Journal
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
Volume 102, Issue 1, Pages 123-133Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.09.024
Keywords
nanochannels; nanopore membranes; silicon membranes; microfabrication
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Top-down microfabrication techniques were used to create silicon-based membranes consisting of arrays of uniform channels having a width as small as 7 nm. The measurement of diffusion kinetics of solutes across these membranes under sink conditions reveals non-Fickian behavior as the nanopore width approaches the hydrodynamic diameter of the solute. Zero-order diffusion of interferon is observed at channel width of 20 nm, and the same phenomenon occurs with albumin and 13-nm-wide channels, whereas Fickian diffusion kinetics is seen at 26 nm and larger pore sizes. A prototypical drug delivery device is described that is fitted with a 13-nm nanopore membrane and loaded with radio-labeled BSA. Following subcutaneous implantation in rats, diffusion from the device provided prolonged levels of BSA in the blood. Such a nonmechanical device offers important advantages in drug delivery applications, including zero-order release and high loading capacity. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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