Journal
PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
Volume 77, Issue 2, Pages 497-511Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1351/pac200577020497
Keywords
magnetic properties; magnetochemistry; SQUID magnetometers; Curie-Weiss law; paramagnetism; Division I
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Rules are pointed out to protect the magnetochemist from pitfalls in both measurement and interpretation of magnetic data. Carefully chosen magnetic field strengths during magnetic susceptibility measurements guarantee the recording of genuine data. With the help of examples, the effect of too strong applied fields is demonstrated producing magnetic saturation And, for example, quenching of weak ferro- or antiferromagnetic spin-spin couplings. In consequence, the data run the risk of being misinterpreted unless model susceptibility equations are applied that take the field dependence of chi(m) into consideration. Recommendations are given for the presentation of experimental and theoretical data: The limited applicability of the most overworked formula in paramagnetism, the Curie-Weiss law chi(m) = C/(T-theta), is clearly presented (magnetically condensed systems,. pure spin magnetism). While rough and ready susceptibility formulae are applicable to specific 3d and 4f systems, the complex situation for the remaining d and f centers, including actinides, demands computer programs which consider simultaneously interelectronic repulsion, ligand field potential, spin-orbit coupling, interatomic exchange interactions, and applied magnetic field.
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