Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 83-91Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2004.12.011
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The mammalian cell cycle is involved in many processes such as immune responses, maintenance of epithelial barrier functions, and cellular differentiation - that affect the growth and colonization of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore it is not surprising that many bacterial pathogens manipulate the host cell cycle with respect to these functions. Cyclomodulins are a growing family of bacterial toxins and effectors that interfere with the eukaryotic cell cycle. Here, we review some of these cyclomodulins such as cytolethal distending toxins, vacuolating cytotoxin, the polyketide-derived macrolide mycolactone, cycle-inhibiting factor, cytotoxic necrotizing factors, dermonecrotic toxin, Pasteurella multocida toxin and cytotoxin-associated antigen A. We describe and compare their effects on the mammalian cell cycle and their putative role in disease, commensalism and symbiosis. We also discuss a possible link between these cyclomodulins and cancer.
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