Electrolytic molybdenum oxides in lithium batteries

Nonstoichiometric molybdenum oxides ( e-MoxOy) were synthesized by cathodic reduction of aqueous ammonium and sodium molybdate solutions. Surface morphology of electrolytic ( e) deposits, the chemical composition, crystal lattice structure, and the characteristics of electrochemical Li+ intercalation for such synthesized oxides were determined by the cation composition of molybdate solution and the conditions of deposit annealing. The electrochemical intercalation of Li+ ions in these Mo-oxides was investigated in thin-layer ballast-free'' electrodes, as a pasted composite cathode in lithium batteries, and as an anode in lithium-ion batteries, with liquid organic and polymer electrolytes. The reversible discharge capacity of e-Mo4O11 synthesized from ammonium molybdate electrolyte in thin-layer ballast-free electrodes can exceed 225 mAh g(-1) for more than 170 cycles.