Autoantigenic epitopes on platelet glycoproteins

Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by early platelet destruction mediated by antiplatelet autoantibodies. Platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP), especially GPIIb-IIIa and GPIb-IX, contain major autoantigenic determinants in chronic ITP. Recent advances in the localization of autoantigens as well as in the detection of GP-specific antibodies have improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. The N-terminal globular head of GPIIb-IIIa, particularly the beta-propeller domain in GPIIb, seems to play an important role as a hot spot for autoantigenic epitopes in chronic ITP. (C)2005 The Japanese Society of Hematology.