Journal
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 233, Issue 2, Pages 85-89Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2005.04.019
Keywords
toll-like receptors; T cells; co-stimulation; T cell memory
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Funding
- Wellcome Trust Funding Source: Medline
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Toll is the founder of a group of pattern recognition receptors, which play a critical role in the innate immunity in Drosophila. At least 13 distinct Toll-like receptors (TLRs), recognising pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), have now been identified in humans. Most investigations on TLRs have focused on cells of the innate system. We report here that naive human T cells expressed high levels of cell surface TLR2 after activation by anti-T cell receptor (TCR) antibody and interferon-alpha. Activated cells produced elevated levels of cytokines in response to the TLR2 ligand, bacteria] lipopeptide (BLP). Furthermore, CD(4+)CD45RO(+) memory T cells from peripheral blood constitutively expressed TLR2 and produced IFN gamma in response to BLP. BLP also markedly enhanced the proliferation and IFN gamma production by CD45RO(+) T cells in the presence of IL-2 or IL-15. Thus, TLR2 serves as a costimulatory receptor for antigen-specific T cell development and participates in the maintenance of T cell memory. This suggests that pathogens, via their PAMPs, may contribute directly to the perpetuation and activation of long term T cell memory in both antigen dependent and independent manner. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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