Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 102, Issue 8, Pages 2886-2891Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409872102
Keywords
cytokines; cytotoxicity; inhibitory NK receptors; killer immunoglobulin-like receptors; natural cytotoxicity receptors
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Natural killer (NK) cells are an important component of the innate immune response against viral infections. INK cell-mediated cytolytic activity is defective in HIV-infected individuals with high levels of viral replication. In the present study, we examined the phenotypic and functional characteristics of an unusual CD56(-)/CD16(+) (CD56(-)) NK subset that is greatly expanded in HIV-viremic individuals. The higher level of expression of inhibitory INK receptors and the lower level of expression of natural cytotoxicity receptors observed in the CD56- INK fraction compared with that of CD56(+) NK cells was associated with extremely poor in vitro cytotoxic function of this subset. in addition, the secretion of certain cytokines known to be important in initiating antiviral immune responses was markedly reduced in the CD56-, as compared with the CD56+ NK cell subset. These data suggest that the expansion of this highly dysfunctional CD56- NK cell subset in HIV-viremic individuals largely accounts for the impaired function of the total INK cell population.
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