Journal
OBESITY RESEARCH
Volume 13, Issue 3, Pages 615-625Publisher
NORTH AMER ASSOC STUDY OBESITY
DOI: 10.1038/oby.2005.66
Keywords
insulin; triglycerides; leptin; homeostasis model assessment; physical activity
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R25T CA 94880] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-00037] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [AG1094] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [R01-69334] Funding Source: Medline
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Objective: This study examined the effects of exercise on metabolic risk variables insulin, leptin, glucose, and triglycerides in overweight/obese postmenopausal women. Research Methods and Procedures: Sedentary women (n = 173) who were overweight or obese (BMI >= 25 kg/m(2) or >= 24 kg/m(2) With >= 33% body fat), 50 to 75 years of age, were randomized to 12 months of exercise ( :45 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity 5 d/wk) or to a stretching control group. Body composition (DXA) and visceral adiposity (computed tomography) were measured at baseline and 12 months. Insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and leptin were measured at baseline and 3 and 12 months. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment formula. Differences from baseline to follow-up were calculated and compared across groups. Results: Exercisers had a 4% decrease and controls had a 12% increase in insulin concentrations from baseline to 12 months (p = 0.0002). Over the same 12-month period, leptin concentrations decreased by 7% among exercisers compared with remaining constant among controls (p = 0.03). Homeostasis model assessment scores decreased by 2% among exercisers and increased 14% among controls from baseline to 12 months (p = 0.0005). The exercise effect on insulin was modified by changes in total fat mass (trend, p = 0.03), such that the exercise intervention abolished increases in insulin concentrations associated with gains in total fat mass. Discussion: Regular moderate-intensity exercise can be used to improve metabolic risk variables such as insulin and leptin in overweight/obese postmenopausal women. These results are promising for health care providers providing advice to postmenopausal women for lifestyle changes to reduce risk of insulin resistance, coronary heart disease, and diabetes.
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