Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
Volume 166, Issue 2, Pages 185-198Publisher
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/427479
Keywords
Eupomatia; Magnolia; relative-quantitative-reverse transcriptase PCR; ABC model; real-time PCR; alternative splicing
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Eupomatia (Magnoliales, Eupomatiaceae) has flowers that bear a calyptra, an unusual organ that encloses the floral bud. The structural homology and evolutionary derivation of the calyptra are unknown, although some have proposed that it is a bract, while others favor a derivation from the perianth. To address the evolutionary origin of the calyptra, we isolated, sequenced, and characterized the expression of A-, B-, and E-class MADS-box homologues from Eupomatia bennettii and a close relative, Magnolia grandiflora ( Magnoliaceae). The expression patterns of organ identity genes in floral organs of Eupomatia and Magnolia were very similar. However, the expression patterns of these MADS-box genes indicated that the ABC model is not strictly applicable to either Eupomatia or Magnolia. For example, A- class homologues were expressed in carpels and leaves of both Eupomatia and Magnolia. In the calyptra, expression levels of B- and E-class homologues were low and almost identical to those observed in leaf tissue. In contrast, high levels of expression for B- and E-class homologues were observed in the stamens, staminodes, and carpels. These gene expression data agree with recent developmental data and the interpretation of the calyptra as a bract. We also report the presence of various forms of alternatively spliced mRNAs in the cDNA pool from floral organs, and the implications of these mRNAs are discussed.
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