Journal
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
Volume 73, Issue 3, Pages 1350-1356Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.3.1350-1356.2005
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI47242] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM007270, T32 GM07270] Funding Source: Medline
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A better understanding of immunity to infection is revealed from the characteristics of microbial ligands recognized by host immune responses. Murine infection with the intracellular bacterium Salmonella generates CD4(+) T cells that specifically recognize Salmonella proteins expressed in bacterial surface organelles such as flagella and membrane vesicles. These natural Salmonella antigens are also ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLRs) or avidly associated with TLR ligands such as lipopollysaccharide (LPS). PhoP/PhoQ, a regulon controlling Salmonella virulence and remodeling of LPS to resist innate immunity, coordinately represses production of surface-exposed antigens recognized by CD4(+) T cells and TLRs. These data suggest that genetically coordinated surface modifications may provide a growth advantage for Salmonella in host tissues by limiting both innate and adaptive immune recognition.
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