Phase-field simulations for evaporation with convection in liquid-vapor systems

In this paper we propose a phase-field model for analyzing the influence of evaporation on Marangoni convection in liquid-vapor systems. The theoretical description is based on the Navier-Stokes equation with extra terms responsible for describing the Marangoni effect, the heat equation with a supplementary term responsible for describing evaporation phenomena, and the continuity equation. We report on 2D simulations for both Marangoni instabilities in linear approximation and we compare the results with the literature.