Journal
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 97, Issue 1, Pages 87-98Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4551-9
Keywords
Silent gene activation; Strain improvement; Ribosome engineering; Rare earth elements
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Funding
- Monka-sho of the Japanese government
- Programme for Promotion of Basic and Applied Researches for Innovations in Bio-oriented Industry
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Genome sequencing of Streptomyces, myxobacteria, and fungi showed that although each strain contains genes that encode the enzymes to synthesize a plethora of potential secondary metabolites, only a fraction are expressed during fermentation. Interest has therefore grown in the activation of these cryptic pathways. We review current progress on this topic, describing concepts for activating silent genes, utilization of natural mutant-type RNA polymerases and rare earth elements, and the applicability of ribosome engineering to myxobacteria and fungi, the microbial groups known as excellent searching sources, as well as actinomycetes, for secondary metabolites.
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