Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FORECASTING
Volume 21, Issue 2, Pages 201-218Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijforecast.2004.08.004
Keywords
adaptive estimation; multi-step estimation; dynamic forecasts; model mis-specification
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Funding
- Economic and Social Research Council [RES-051-27-0035] Funding Source: researchfish
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We evaluate the asymptotic and finite-sample properties of direct multi-step estimation (DMS) for forecasting at several horizons. For forecast accuracy gains from DMS in finite samples, mis-specification and non-stationarity of the DGP are necessary, but when a model is well-specified, iterating the one-step ahead forecasts may not be asymptotically preferable. If a model is mis-specified for a non-stationary DGP, in particular omitting either negative residual serial correlation or regime shifts, DMS can forecast more accurately. Monte Carlo simulations clarify the nonlinear dependence of the estimation and forecast biases on the parameters of the DGP, and explain existing results. (c) 2004 International Institute of Forecasters. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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