Journal
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
Volume 88, Issue 1, Pages 114-122Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.01.029
Keywords
ammonium polyphosphate; metal salts; manganese; zinc; cellulose; flame retardant; textiles; limiting oxygen index
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A thermal analytical study of a series of metal ion-ammonium polyphosphate (APP) combinations has been undertaken to examine possible interactions that might enhance subsequent flame retardant activity. It is shown that certain metal ions, particularly Mn2+ and Zn2+, promote thermal degradation of APP at lower temperatures than in their absence, and that this enables flame retardant activity to commence at lower temperatures in the polymer matrix thereby enhancing flame retardant efficiency. This has significance where flame retardant formulations are required to become active at temperatures well below normal substrate ignition temperatures and especially in the case of back-coated, flame retardant treatments for textiles. Initial experiments show that metal ion-doped APP in the presence of cellulose not only indicates a further sensitisation of cellulose decomposition but also improved flame retardance determined by limiting oxygen index when applied as a back-coating to cotton fabric demonstrates. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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