Journal
LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA
Volume 46, Issue 4, Pages 483-495Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10428190400027852
Keywords
interleukin-7; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; leukemogenesis; T-cell leukemia; cytokines
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [P01-CA68484] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI 46548] Funding Source: Medline
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The malignant transformation and expansion of tumor cells involve both cell-autonomous mechanisms and microenvironment signals that regulate viability, nutrient utilization, metabolic activity and cell growth. In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), the co- culture of leukemic cells with stroma or the addition of particular cytokines prevents ex vivo spontaneous apoptosis. Interleukin-7 (IL-7), a cytokine produced by thymic and bone marrow stroma, increases the viability and proliferation of T-ALL cells. IL-7 induces the activation of Jak/STAT, MEK/Erk and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in TALL cells. PI3K/Akt is the dominant pathway that mediates the effects of IL- 7 on T-ALL. PI3K signaling is required for the induction of Bcl-2, the down-regulation of p27(kip1) and cell cycle progression. PI3K signaling is also required for the expression of the glucose transporter Glut1, uptake of glucose, activation of the metabolic machinery, increase in cell size, and maintenance of mitochondrial integrity. These observations suggest that substrates of molecular pathways activated by microenvironmental factors represent attractive molecular targets for the regulation of the viability and proliferation of TALL cells and provide the means for the development of novel treatment strategies.
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