Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 62, Issue 7-8, Pages 731-738Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-004-4504-2
Keywords
DNA; repair; replication; transcription; telomeres
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Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins is involved in the regulation of basal cellular processes and seems to be crucial for genomic integrity and cell survival. Several nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are known which interact with various proteins involved in DNA metabolism. These proteins can be targets of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, which generally down-regulates their activities. Accordingly, PARPs have been implicated in numerous processes involving chromosomal DNA, such as the regulation of chromatin structure, DNA repair, replication and transcription. PARP-1, the major cellular PARP, and PARP-2 are activated by DNA strand breaks. These enzymes have been shown to participate in DNA repair. PAR-P-1 has also been associated with DNA replication and recombination. Another outstanding feature of PARP-1 is its impact on the activities of transcription factors and on gene expression. Two other nuclear PARP enzymes, tankyrase-1 and tankyrase-2, are important for telomere maintenance.
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