Interfaces and interphases in multicomponent materials:: past, present, future

Interfacial interactions and interphases play a key role in all multicomponent materials irrespectively of the number and type of their components or their actual structure. They are equally important in particulate filled polymer, polymer blends. fiber reinforced advanced composites, nanocomposites or biomimetic materials. Recognition of the role of the main factors influencing interfacial adhesion and proper surface modification may lead to significant progress in many fields of research and development, as well as in related technologies. Although the role and importance of interfaces and interphases are the same for all multicomponent materials, surface modification must be always selected according to the objectives targeted, as well as to the characteristics of the particular system. Efficient surface treatment or coupling alone might not achieve the desired goal, we must always keep in mind that an interphase forms always in such materials and the control of interphase properties must be part of the modification philosophy. The use of multiphase, multicomponent materials is expected to grow with a larger than average rate also in the future. It is important to keep the interdisciplinary nature of the area, since principles and techniques developed by one field may find application also in other areas. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.