Journal
JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 40, Issue 2, Pages 167-177Publisher
GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC
DOI: 10.18474/0749-8004-40.2.167
Keywords
cherry fruit fly; Rhagoletis indifferens; Metarhizium anisopliae; infection; mortality
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Effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin on the mortality of different life stages of the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), were determined in laboratory tests. When teneral adults were exposed to fungal spores mixed in soil (7.63 x 10(5) and 1.61 x 10(6) spores/g) or applied to the surface of soil (1.14 x 10(6) and 2.28 x 10(6) spores/cm(2)) with 13 to 30% moisture, adult emergence was not reduced, but 14.9 to 68.0% of emerging adults were infected at death. When adult flies were exposed to various concentrations of dry spores inside vials, 15 mg (4.59 x 10(8) spores/10 flies) was the lowest needed for 100% mortality at 7 d post exposure, and resulted in 5.96 x 10(6) spores adhering to each fly. Females exposed to 1.80 mg (5.51 x 10(7) spores/10 flies) laid as many eggs as control females between 0 and 3 d post exposure, but due to mortality infected flies laid fewer eggs between 3 and 7 d. Third-instar larvae exposed to treated soil (9.63 x 10(4) to 4.81 x 10(6) spores/cm(2)) with 20% moisture were not infected.
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