Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
Volume 109, Issue 14, Pages 6805-6811Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp0455428
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We suggest and discuss a simple model of an ideal gas under the piston to gain an insight into the workings of the Jarzynski identity connecting the average exponential of the work over the nonequilibrium trajectories with the equilibrium free energy. We show that the identity is valid for our system, due to the very rapid molecules belonging to the tail of the Maxwell distribution. For the most interesting extreme, when the system volume is large, while the piston is moving with great speed (compared to thermal velocity) for a very short time, the necessary number of independent experimental runs to obtain a reasonable approximation for the free energy from averaging the nonequilibriurn work grows exponentially with the system size.
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