Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 174, Issue 8, Pages 4480-4484Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.8.4480
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In humans, all alpha beta CD8(+) T cells express NKG2D, but in mouse, it is only expressed by activated and memory CD8(+) Tcells. We purified human naive CD8+ Tcells to show that NKG2D serves as a costimulatory receptor for TCR induced Ca2+ mobilization and proliferation. The resulting effector cells are skewed toward a type 1 phenotype and produce high levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha NKG2D ligands, MHC class I chain-related (MIC)A, MICB, and UL16-binding proteins are expressed on the proliferating cells and NKG2D is down-regulated, The addition of the homeostatic cytokines IL-7 and IL-15 to the culture medium not only enhances proliferation but also counteracts the down-regulation of NKG2D, more so than the addition of IL-2. These results indicate that NKG2D can regulate the priming of human naive CD8+ Tcells, which may provide an alternative mechanism for potentiating and channeling the immune response.
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