Journal
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
Volume 46, Issue 5, Pages 548-558Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00372.x
Keywords
children's optimism and pessimism; measure
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Background: Optimism and pessimism are positive and negative expectations linked with well-being in adults. Research on the importance of optimism and pessimism in children is limited by the lack of a developmentally appropriate measure of children's expectations. Method: Based upon the Life Orientation Test-Revised (Scheier, Carver, B Bridges, 1994), the Youth Life Orientation Test (YLOT) is a sixteen-item self-report measure of children's optimism and pessimism. Results: Reliability and validity of the YLOT was found with 204 3rd-6th graders. Optimism also predicted fewer child-reported depressive symptoms and parent-reported behavior problems assessed three months later. Pessimism predicted more child-reported anxiety symptoms and parent-reported social and academic deficits.
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