Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 1160-1164Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1897/04-218R.1
Keywords
pulse exposure; toxicant; population growth rate; recovery; Daphnia magna
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This study compares lethal and sublethal responses of Daphnia magna Straus exposed to fenvalerate continuously (21 d) and as a pulse (24 h). Survival was reduced more severely in the continuous- than in the pulse-exposure regime. Complete mortality occurred at 1 mu g/L for continuous exposure and at 3.2 mu g/L for pulse exposure. Regarding reproductive endpoints, fenvalerate delayed the age at first reproduction. At the beginning of the reproductive phase (day 10), this delay resulted in a reduction of the neonates per living female at similar concentrations in both exposure regimes (0.3 and 0.1 mu g/L for continuous and pulse exposure, respectively). The population growth rate was inhibited in continuous and pulse exposure at 0.3 and 0.6 mu g/ L, respectively. However, the effects of fenvalerate in the pulse exposure were transient. After 21 d, a recovery to values close to the controls occurred with respect to the total neonates per female and the population growth rate over a broad range of concentrations from 0.1 up to 1 mu g/L. In contrast, no substantial recovery occurred in the continuous-exposure regime.
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