Journal
APPLIED ENERGY
Volume 128, Issue -, Pages 209-216Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.04.068
Keywords
Bio-crude oil; Hydrothermal co-liquefaction; Nutrient recovery; Nutrient reuse; Energy consumption ratio (ECR)
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education of Republic of China (Taiwan)
- ERM (Environmental Resource Management)
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This study explored the feasibility of combining two types of feedstocks, swine manure (SW) and mixed-culture algae (AW) from wastewater treatment systems, for bio-crude oil production via hydrothermal liquefaction. The effect of feedstock combination ratios on the bio-crude oil yields and qualities were investigated. SW to AW ratios (dry weight basis) were 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1 with a total solids content of 25%. Pure SW and AW were also hydrothermally converted at the same reaction condition for comparison. By combining 75% SW with 25% AW, the highest bin-crude oil yield was achieved (35.7% based on dry matter). By mixing 25% SW with 75% AW, the highest heating value (27.5 MJ/kg) was obtained. GC-MS spectra and thermal gravimetric analysis of bin-crude oils revealed that both light oils and heavy crude were produced, averaging 25% and 20% of the bin-crude oil, respectively. Analysis of energy consumption ratios indicated that co-liquefaction of AW and SW is energetically feasible and could be an economically competitive system for bio-crude oil production. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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