Journal
APPLIED ENERGY
Volume 99, Issue -, Pages 80-84Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.04.049
Keywords
Fructose; H3PW12O40; 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural; Ethyl levulinate; Ethyl glucoside
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Funding
- NNSFC [21072136]
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2007CB210203]
- PCSIRT [IRT0846]
- Center for direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000997]
- C3Bio
- China Scholarship grant [2010624099]
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The heteropolyacid H3PW12O40 has been used as a catalyst for the production of 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF), a viable liquid biofuel, from fructose, sucrose, and inulin. An EMF yield of 65% can be obtained from fructose within 30 min at 130 degrees C in ethanol under microwave heating. The introduction of tetrahydrofuran as a co-solvent improved the yield of EMF to 76%. Longer reaction time, higher reaction temperature and higher catalyst amount lead to the decomposition of EMF to ethyl levulinate. The fructose moieties in sucrose and inulin are converted to EMF selectively. However, glucose moieties cannot be converted to EMF by this heteropolyacid catalyst. Instead ethyl glucoside is formed. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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