Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
Volume 145, Issue -, Pages 161-166Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.01.019
Keywords
Renewable feedstock; Refining; Catalytic cracking; Biomass; ZSM-5
Funding
- ACENET COM-MON INITIATIVE HECABIO [ACE.07.026]
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Previous research showed that hydrodeoxygenated (HDO) pyrolysis-oils could successfully be co-processed with vacuum gasoil (VGO) in a labscale fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit to bio-fuels. Typically the hydrodeoxygenation step takes place at similar to 300 degrees C under 200-300 bar of hydrogen. Eliminating or replacing this step by a less energy demanding upgrading step would largely benefit the FCC co-processing of pyrolysis oils to bio-fuels. In this paper a bio-oil that has been produced by catalytic pyrolysis (catalytic pyrolysis oil or CPO) is used directly, without further upgrading, in catalytic cracking co-processing mode with VGO. The results are compared to the co-processing of upgraded (via HDO) thermal pyrolysis oil. Though small but significant differences in the product distribution and quality have been observed between the co-processing of either HDO or CPO, they could be corrected by further catalyst development (pyrolysis and/or FCC), which would eliminate the need for an up-stream hydrodeoxygenation step. Moreover, the organic yield of the catalytic pyrolysis route is estimated at approximately 30 wt.% compared to an overall yield for the thermal pyrolysis followed by a hydrodeoxygenation step of 24 wt.%. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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