Journal
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
Volume 96, Issue 3-4, Pages 476-485Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.03.008
Keywords
Renewable feedstock; Refining; Catalytic cracking; Biofuels; Pyrolysis-oil
Funding
- FP6 European integrated project Co-processing of upgraded bio-liquids in standard refinery units (BIOCOUP) [518312]
- ACENET (HECABIO)
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Hydrodeoxygenated pyrolysis-oils (HDO-oil) are considered promising renewable liquid energy carriers. As such, it cannot be applied in in-stationary combustion engines so more upgrading is required. A considerable alternative is to co-process HDO-oil along with vacuum gas oil (VGO) in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking unit (FCC). This study evaluates the impact of adding 20 wt.% HDO-oil to a conventional FCC feed-stock. The VG and bio-oil mixtures were co-injected into a fixed-bed reactor simulating FCC conditions using an equilibrated industrial FCC catalyst. Co-processing of 20 wt.% HDO-oil with VGO gave comparable yields for the gasoline fraction to that of the pure VG cracking. However, during co-processing oxygen removal from HDO-oil oxygenated components consumes hydrogen coming from the hydrocarbon feedstock. As a result the final product composition is poor in hydrogen and contains more coke, aromatics and olefins. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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